Special Exhaust Systems

MasterFormat Division 23 35 00: Special Exhaust Systems

Modern buildings often require specialized ventilation solutions to handle hazardous or unique air contaminants beyond the scope of standard HVAC systems. This is where MasterFormat Division 23 35 00 – Special Exhaust Systems comes into play. This section of the MasterFormat system, a standardized organizational structure for construction specifications, specifically addresses the design and installation of these essential exhaust systems.

What is a Special Exhaust System?

A special exhaust system is a ventilation system engineered to capture, contain, and exhaust harmful or undesirable airborne substances not typically handled by general building ventilation. These systems go beyond comfort control, focusing on protecting occupants, processes, and the environment from specific hazards.

How Does a Special Exhaust System Work?

While configurations vary widely depending on the specific application, most special exhaust systems operate on these fundamental principles:

• Capture: A specially designed hood, arm, or enclosure is positioned near the source of the contaminant to capture it effectively.
• Conveyance: A network of ductwork, typically made of corrosion-resistant materials, transports the contaminated air away from the source.
• Filtration/Treatment: Before being released, the air often passes through filters, scrubbers, or other treatment devices to remove or neutralize harmful substances.
• Exhaust: A fan or blower system propels the treated air outdoors, ensuring it is safely dispersed away from occupied areas.

Where are Special Exhaust Systems Commonly Used?

Due to their specialized nature, special exhaust systems are crucial in various settings, including:

• Laboratories: Handling volatile chemicals and biological agents necessitates fume hoods and local exhaust systems.
• Industrial Facilities: Manufacturing processes often generate dust, fumes, or mists requiring specialized exhaust for worker safety and environmental compliance.
• Healthcare Facilities: Operating rooms, laboratories, and infection control areas rely on special exhaust systems to maintain sterile environments and control airborne pathogens.
• Commercial Kitchens: High-volume cooking generates grease-laden air, necessitating specialized exhaust hoods and ventilation systems to prevent grease buildup and fire hazards.
• Welding Shops: Welding fumes contain hazardous metal particulate requiring local exhaust systems to protect welders' respiratory health.

What are Installation Best Practices for Special Exhaust Systems?

Proper installation is paramount for the effectiveness and safety of special exhaust systems. Key best practices include:

• Engage Qualified Professionals: Design and installation should be handled by experienced engineers and contractors specializing in ventilation systems.
• Follow Codes and Standards: Adhere to all applicable building codes, industry standards (e.g., ASHRAE), and manufacturer guidelines.
• Material Selection: Choose appropriate ductwork materials based on the type and concentration of contaminants to prevent corrosion or degradation.
• Airflow Balancing: Carefully balance the system to ensure proper capture and exhaust rates, preventing contaminants from escaping into occupied spaces.
• Regular Maintenance: Establish a preventative maintenance schedule that includes inspections, filter replacements, and system cleaning to ensure long-term performance and safety.

What are the Top Manufacturers for Special Exhaust Systems?

Numerous reputable manufacturers provide components and systems for special exhaust applications. Some of the leading names in the industry include:

• Greenheck Fan
• Twin City Fan
• Accurex
• CaptiveAire
• Waldner

Conclusion

Special exhaust systems are critical for maintaining a safe and healthy environment in various settings. Understanding their purpose, function, and installation best practices is essential for architects, engineers, contractors, and facility managers to ensure these systems effectively mitigate hazards and comply with regulations. By prioritizing proper design, installation, and maintenance, building occupants can benefit from clean and safe air quality for years to come.